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R H S F O R M U L A 1
is an Arnica Oil based topical salve, specifically formulated with Oil of Copaiba*, and designed to relieve muscle and joint pain while helping to reduce inflammation.
Relief
Arnica
+ CopaibaTopical Salve
Arnica Oil
Arnica Oil is derived from the flowers of the Arnica montana plant, which is native to mountainous regions in Europe and North America. Known for its vibrant yellow blossoms, arnica has a long history of use in traditional medicine for treating bruises, sprains, muscle aches, and post-trauma swelling
Research
- One randomized controlled trial published in Rheumatology International found that topical arnica gel was as effective as ibuprofen in reducing pain and stiffness in hand osteoarthritis.
- Additionally, another study in the American Journal of Therapeutics highlighted its role in reducing bruising and improving recovery time after surgery.
- Arnica is a staple in recovery for athletes and individuals managing everyday aches, offering both natural pain relief and
- circulatory support.
Oil of Copaiba
Copaiba oil, derived from the resin of copaiba trees native to South and Central America, has been used for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and wound-healing properties. Known as one of the most potent natural sources of beta-caryophyllene (BCP), Oil of Copaiba directly interacts with CB2 receptors in the body’s endocannabinoid system, helping manage inflammation and immune response regulation. And there’s been plenty of research to validate these findings:
Research
- A 2014 study indicated that copaiba oil-resin reduced the production of molecules associated with inflammation and decreased oxidative stress, which can lead to cell damage.
- Another study conducted in 2016 found that copaiba oil-resin can help stop the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, a bacteria that causes skin and wound infections, even in small amounts.
- A 2018 study looked at how massage with copaiba essential oil and Deep Blue essential oil affected people with arthritis. They found that compared to massage with just coconut oil, the blend of copaiba and Deep Blue helped reduce pain, increased strength in the fingers, and improved movement.
Boswellia Serrata Extract
Derived from the resin of the Boswellia serrata (a tree native to India, Africa, and the Arabian Peninsula), and known as a traditional Ayurvedic remedy, this extract is rich in boswellic acids, which have shown promise in reducing chronic inflammation, especially in joint-related conditions like arthritis.
Research
- A study published in Arthritis Research & Therapy found that Boswellia Serrata significantly improved pain and physical function in patients with osteoarthritis.
- Furthermore, a study published in 2015 highlighted its potential in managing inflammatory bowel diseases, emphasizing its versatility as an anti-inflammatory powerhouse.
Interesting fact: The sap from the Boswellia serrata tree is sometimes used to make Frankincense, which is known for its aromatherapy properties.
Rosemary Extract
Native to the Mediterranean and used in cooking all over the world, Rosemary Extract offers several health benefits:
Rosemary is rich in phytochemicals, including carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid, which exhibit strong antioxidant effects, helping to neutralize free radicals. These compounds also possess antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties, contributing to overall health.
Research
- Studies have found that carnosic acid can slow the growth of cancer cells and even reduce the risk of developing more tumors.
- Rosemary has also been used for centuries as a memory aid, and studies in aromatherapy using rosemary have corroborated some of these claims. One study found significant improvements in cognitive performance within 20 minutes of inhaling rosemary essential oil.
- Preliminary studies indicate that rosemary has a positive impact on reducing anxiety and stress. In a randomized trial conducted on university students, rosemary was found to improve the students’ sleep quality and lower their anxiety levels when compared with a placebo.
Interesting fact: Rosemary has long been associated with memory enhancement, even referenced by Shakespeare in Hamlet: “There’s rosemary, that’s for remembrance.”
Oil of Wintergreen
Oil of wintergreen, derived from the leaves of Gaultheria procumbens, is a natural source of methyl salicylate, a compound closely related to aspirin.
Traditionally used by indigenous communities for pain relief, it has since become a staple in topical treatments for muscle aches, arthritis, and joint pain. When applied to the skin, methyl salicylate acts as a counter-irritant, producing a cooling sensation that helps with the discomfort.
Research
- A study published in the International Immunopharmacology looked at rats and confirmed that methyl salicylate has potent anti-inflammatory effects, helping to reduce swelling, pain, and oxidative stress associated with arthritis.
- Another study published in 2023 demonstrated that wintergreen oil exhibits antimicrobial properties, making it effective in treating minor wounds and bacterial skin infections.
- Additionally, studies have confirmed its role in pain modulation by acting on pain receptors similar to NSAIDs.
When used correctly, it serves as a powerful natural pain reliever, supporting recovery for athletes and individuals dealing with chronic pain.
Vitamin E
Vitamin E is a powerful, fat-soluble antioxidant essential for skin health and immune function. Found naturally in nuts, seeds, and plant oils, alpha-tocopherol is its most bioavailable form.
This vitamin plays a crucial role in protecting skin cells from oxidative damage caused by environmental stressors like UV rays and pollution, making it a key ingredient in skincare formulations for wound healing, scar reduction, and anti-aging.
Research
- Research published in the Annual Review of Nutrition in 2015 showed that vitamin E reduces oxidative stress and inflammation, especially in people with metabolic disorders.
- Studies and anecdotal accounts have also suggested that topical use of vitamin E accelerates wound healing by reducing free radical damage, although we’re in the earlier stages of this research.
Additionally, research in IOS Press suggests that vitamin E may help prevent cognitive decline in older adults, particularly in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s.
Black Seed Oil
Extracted from the seeds of Nigella sativa, black seed oil has been valued for over 2,000 years for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and immune-boosting properties.
Research
- The oil’s primary active compound, thymoquinone, is a potent antioxidant known for reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in the body.
- Research found that black seed oil significantly lowers inflammatory markers like TNF-α and IL-6, which contribute to conditions like arthritis and allergies.
- Another study published in the Hepatology Forum showed that black seed oil can help reduce oxidative stress and support liver function.
- The age-old belief of black seed oil possessing antibacterial properties has also been substantiated. It was found to be particularly effective against resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, making it effective for acne and skin infections.
Abyssinian oil
Abyssinian oil, derived from Crambe abyssinica seeds, is rich in erucic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid. That combination makes it a lightweight, fast-absorbing oil with deep hydration and non-comedogenic properties—it basically moisturizes the skin without clogging pores, making it a popular choice for skincare and hair formulations.
Research
- Some studies suggest they play a role in protecting the skin from environmental stressors due to their natural antioxidant properties.
MCT Oil
MCT (Medium-Chain Triglyceride) oil is derived from coconut and palm kernel oils, providing a rapidly absorbed source of energy.
Unlike long-chain fats, MCTs bypass conventional digestion and are quickly converted into ketones, which the brain and muscles can use as fuel.
Research
- A 2024 study published in Clinical Nutrition found that MCT oil boosts metabolism and increases fat oxidation, making it valuable for weight management.
- Studies have also highlighted MCT oil’s antimicrobial properties, particularly its ability to inhibit the growth of pathogens (Clostridium difficile and Candida species) in the gut.
- Additionally, a study published in Heliyon found that MCT oil enhances cognitive function in individuals with mild cognitive impairment, likely due to its role in ketone production.
- Beyond energy and brain health, MCT oil supports gut microbiome balance and has been studied for its anti-inflammatory properties, particularly in managing metabolic disorders.
Linalool
Linalool is a naturally occurring terpenealcohol found in lavender, mint, and citrus plants. It’s widely recognized for its calmingeffects and is commonly used in aromatherapy and skincare formulations.
Research
- The terpene has been shown to reduce anxiety and promote relaxation through its interaction with the central nervous system. A 24-volunteer study found that inhalation of linalool reduces stress-induced anxiety.
- Research into linalool’s effects on lung injury highlighted its anti-inflammatory effects, showing that it can reduce swelling and pain in inflammatory conditions.
- Additionally, linalool has antimicrobial properties, making it effective against bacterial and fungal infections commonly found on the skin.
- Linalool’s soothing scent has been linked to improved sleep quality and stress reduction, with one study in the Royal Society of Chemistry finding that exposure to linalool vapor lowered cortisol levels and improved sleep patterns in test subjects.
Myrcene
Myrcene is a monoterpene found in plants such as mangoes, hops, and lemongrass. It’s known for its analgesic and sedative properties, making it a valuable component in pain relief and relaxation. The compound is also believed to enhance the effects of other compounds, a phenomenon known as the ‘entourage effect’.
Research
- A study in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences found that myrcene exhibits pain-relieving effects similar to opioids, making it useful for managing chronic pain.
- Research published in Frontiers in Nutrition revealed that myrcene has muscle relaxant properties, supporting its traditional use in herbal medicine.
- Additionally, one study looked at its effects on induced liver damage and found that myrcene offers anti-inflammatory benefits, particularly in reducing oxidative stress and tissue damage.
Tea Tree Oil
Tea tree oil, extracted from the leaves of Melaleuca alternifolia, is known for its antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties.
Indigenous Australians have traditionally used it for wound healing and skin infections. We now know that modern research has validated these uses, particularly for acne, dandruff, and minor cuts.
Research
- A study in the Medical Journal of Australia found that tea tree oil significantly reduces acne lesions, working as well as benzoyl peroxide but with fewer side effects.
- Another study published in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences proved its effectiveness in treating fungal infections.
- Additionally, research has confirmed its antibacterial activity against antibiotic-resistant strains, making it useful for preventing wound infections.
d-Limonene
d-Limonene is a terpene found in citrus peels, commonly used for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and digestive health benefits.
It has long been enjoyed for its aroma and recently has found the spotlight for its role in reducing acid reflux, supporting liver function, and promoting detoxification in the body.
Research
- Research in Chemico-Biological Interactions found that d-limonene helps neutralize gastric acid, making it beneficial for acid reflux and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and, occasionally, heartburn.
- It has also been found to have potential in helping cancer patients. A study in Onco Targets and Therapy highlighted its potential in reducing tumor growth, particularly in lung cancer, by modulating key signaling pathways.
- Additionally, d-Limonene has also demonstrated anti-inflammatory and liver-protective properties, supporting its traditional use in detoxification.
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R H S F O R M U L A 2
is is a Rosemary extract-based oral spray, specifically formulated with Oil of Copaiba*, and designed to relieve headache pain.
Relief
Rosemary
+ CopaibaOral Spray
Rosemary Extract
Native to the Mediterranean and used in cooking all over the world, Rosemary Extract offers several health benefits:
Rosemary is rich in phytochemicals, including carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid, which exhibit strong antioxidant effects, helping to neutralize free radicals. These compounds also possess antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties, contributing to overall health.
Research
- Studies have found that carnosic acid can slow the growth of cancer cells and even reduce the risk of developing more tumors.
- Rosemary has also been used for centuries as a memory aid, and studies in aromatherapy using rosemary have corroborated some of these claims. One study found significant improvements in cognitive performance within 20 minutes of inhaling rosemary essential oil.
- Preliminary studies indicate that rosemary has a positive impact on reducing anxiety and stress. In a randomized trial conducted on university students, rosemary was found to improve the students’ sleep quality and lower their anxiety levels when compared with a placebo.
Interesting fact: Rosemary has long been associated with memory enhancement, even referenced by Shakespeare in Hamlet: “There’s rosemary, that’s for remembrance.”
Oil of Copaiba
Copaiba oil, derived from the resin of copaiba trees native to South and Central America, has been used for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and wound-healing properties. Known as one of the most potent natural sources of beta-caryophyllene (BCP), Oil of Copaiba directly interacts with CB2 receptors in the body’s endocannabinoid system, helping manage inflammation and immune response regulation. And there’s been plenty of research to validate these findings:
Research
- A 2014 study indicated that copaiba oil-resin reduced the production of molecules associated with inflammation and decreased oxidative stress, which can lead to cell damage.
- Another study conducted in 2016 found that copaiba oil-resin can help stop the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, a bacteria that causes skin and wound infections, even in small amounts.
- A 2018 study looked at how massage with copaiba essential oil and Deep Blue essential oil affected people with arthritis. They found that compared to massage with just coconut oil, the blend of copaiba and Deep Blue helped reduce pain, increased strength in the fingers, and improved movement.
Boswellia Serrata Extract
Derived from the resin of the Boswellia serrata tree, this extract is rich in boswellic acids, which have shown promise in reducing chronic inflammation and supporting joint health. It has been widely used in Ayurvedic medicine for centuries and is widely regarded as an anti-inflammatory powerhouse.
Research
- A randomized controlled trial published in Phytotherapy Research found that Boswellia extract improved pain and mobility in osteoarthritis patients, showing similar results to NSAIDs but with fewer side effects.
- Another study published in 2015 highlighted its potential in managing inflammatory bowel diseases, emphasizing its versatility as an anti-inflammatory powerhouse.
Interesting fact: The sap from the Boswellia serrata tree is sometimes used to make Frankincense, which is known for its aromatherapy properties.
Vitamin E
Vitamin E is a powerful, fat-soluble antioxidant essential for skin health and immune function. Found naturally in nuts, seeds, and plant oils, alpha-tocopherol is its most bioavailable form.
This vitamin plays a crucial role in protecting skin cells from oxidative damage caused by environmental stressors like UV rays and pollution, making it a key ingredient in skincare formulations for wound healing, scar reduction, and anti-aging.
Research
- Research published in the Annual Review of Nutrition in 2015 showed that vitamin E reduces oxidative stress and inflammation, especially in people with metabolic disorders.
- Studies and anecdotal accounts have also suggested that topical use of vitamin E accelerates wound healing by reducing free radical damage, although we’re in the earlier stages of this research.
- Additionally, research in IOS Press suggests that vitamin E may help prevent cognitive decline in older adults, particularly in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s.
MCT Oil
MCT (Medium-Chain Triglyceride) oil is derived from coconut and palm kernel oils, providing a rapidly absorbed source of energy.
Unlike long-chain fats, MCTs bypass conventional digestion and are quickly converted into ketones, which the brain and muscles can use as fuel.
Research
- A 2024 study published in Clinical Nutrition found that MCT oil boosts metabolism and increases fat oxidation, making it valuable for weight management.
- Studies have also highlighted MCT oil’s antimicrobial properties, particularly its ability to inhibit the growth of pathogens (Clostridium difficile and Candida species) in the gut.
- Additionally, a study published in Heliyon found that MCT oil enhances cognitive function in individuals with mild cognitive impairment, likely due to its role in ketone production.
- Beyond energy and brain health, MCT oil supports gut microbiome balance and has been studied for its anti-inflammatory properties, particularly in managing metabolic disorders.
Linalool
Linalool is a naturally occurring terpenealcohol found in lavender, mint, and citrus plants. It’s widely recognized for its calmingeffects and is commonly used in aromatherapy and skincare formulations.
Research
- The terpene has been shown to reduce anxiety and promote relaxation through its interaction with the central nervous system. A 24-volunteer study found that inhalation of linalool reduces stress-induced anxiety.
- Research into linalool’s effects on lung injury highlighted its anti-inflammatory effects, showing that it can reduce swelling and pain in inflammatory conditions.
- Additionally, linalool has antimicrobial properties, making it effective against bacterial and fungal infections commonly found on the skin.
- Linalool’s soothing scent has been linked to improved sleep quality and stress reduction, with one study in the Royal Society of Chemistry finding that exposure to linalool vapor lowered cortisol levels and improved sleep patterns in test subjects.
Myrcene
Myrcene is a monoterpene found in plants such as mangoes, hops, and lemongrass. It’s known for its analgesic and sedative properties, making it a valuable component in pain relief and relaxation. The compound is also believed to enhance the effects of other compounds, a phenomenon known as the ‘entourage effect’.
Research
- A study in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences found that myrcene exhibits pain-relieving effects similar to opioids, making it useful for managing chronic pain.
- Research published in Frontiers in Nutrition revealed that myrcene has muscle relaxant properties, supporting its traditional use in herbal medicine.
- Additionally, one study looked at its effects on induced liver damage and found that myrcene offers anti-inflammatory benefits, particularly in reducing oxidative stress and tissue damage.
Lemongrass Oil
Lemongrass Oil is rich in a-pinene and other terpenes known for their detoxifying and anti-inflammatory effects. It’s distilled from the leaves of Cymbopogon citratus, and is widely used in traditional medicine for its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and pain-relieving properties.
Rich in citral and geranial, it has a fresh, citrusy aroma and is commonly used in both therapeutic and culinary applications.
Research
- A study in Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology found that lemongrass oil showed strong antibacterial effects, making it effective for skin infections and wound care.
- An animal study in Biochimie Open demonstrated that citral, the main component of lemongrass oil, reduces inflammation and oxidative stress, supporting its traditional use for pain relief.
- Additionally, tests suggest that inhaling lemongrass essential oil reduces anxiety and promotes relaxation, similar to lavender oil.
α-Pinene
α-Pinene is a naturally occurring monoterpene found in pine needles, rosemary, and eucalyptus. It’s known for its anti-inflammatory, bronchodilatory, and cognitive-enhancing properties.
Research
- Research in the Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases found that α-pinene has strong anti-inflammatory effects that help reduce pain and swelling in conditions like arthritis.
- A separate study highlighted its bronchodilatory effects, showing that inhaling a-pinene can open airways and improve respiratory function, making it beneficial for people with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- Animal testing also suggests that α-pinene may enhance memory and cognitive function with its neuroprotective effects in the hippocampal and cortical regions.
Interestingly, the crisp scent of pine forests—rich in a-pinene—has been associated with mental clarity and improved focus, a phenomenon studied in forest therapy research.